Ever since the peace treaties of Westphalia (signed in Osnabrück and Münster), the equal sovereignty of states is the basis of the international legal order. Various international organizations operate in this international framework, with consensus-based, weighted and qualified majority voting

The crisis regarding Greenland shifts the focus to a deeper problem faced by European integration and specifically the CFSP, namely the lack of a clear strategy for the 21st century’s geopolitical competition, which should urgently be placed at the top

There are many valid international legal theories that can be analyzed in parallel to gain more knowledge regarding European integration, the relationship between the EU and national law and the issues faced by the EU, Member States and European citizens

American universities have become strategic targets in an era of intensifying competition with China. Universities concentrate advanced research, train future scientific and technical elites, and generate knowledge with direct military and civilian applications. Yet despite higher education’s importance to national

This article examines the complicated process of the European Union’s accession to the European Convention on Human Rights. It highlights the institutional gap that leaves the EU outside the Strasbourg supervisory system, while discusses the key legal and political obstacles. All

In the months since President Donald J. Trump’s return to the White House in January 2025, his administration has pursued sweeping changes to U.S. health and foreign policy. Many of these moves echo the Heritage Foundation’s “Project 2025” blueprint—a conservative

By 2026, Online Dispute Resolution (ODR) has evolved far beyond mere video calls. It is now driven by algorithms that translate legal conflicts into mathematical equations. To master these systems as experts, we must understand the process of "datafication," which

What Makes AI Production-Ready? Once a system is expected to operate over millions of documents, technical sophistication alone is not enough. The decisive question becomes whether the system can be trusted in practice. That trust does arise from the discipline with

From “Smart Search” to Modern AI Systems In this two-part series, we use our own professional journey as a case study to trace the evolution of AI applications. We ask a practical question, how did AI become genuinely useful in

“Cash is king”. We often hear this saying, however, the global economy increasingly favors digital payment systems. However, in the era of a „No Kings” public discourse mindset, a counter-movement has started emerging to protect physical currency. Governments and citizens

In recent months, social media platforms have been flooded with posts claiming that “Europe has outlawed cash,” “financial freedom is over,” and that the digital euro will usher in an era of total financial surveillance. These narratives are typically framed in dramatic,

In today’s China, Artificial Intelligence (AI) is not only a technological innovation, but also a powerful socio-technical force that shapes everyday life. It’s enough to mention a few local Artificial Intelligence solutions – such as DeepSeek, Ernie Bot, and Qwen