CONSTITUTIONAL IDENTITY IN EU CONSTITUTIONAL COURTS VS. THE CONSTITUTIONAL COURT OF NORTH MACEDONIA – PROTECTION VS. NEGLECT?
The policies of sovereignty protection and constitutional identity in Europe have recently been at the forefront of European academia and discourse, and several constitutional courts of EU Member States have been active over the past years. In their jurisprudence, they
AI Act vs. reality: technical obstacles to compliance and the possible workarounds – Part II.
Fundamental-rights compliance: everyone wants something different A persistent tension emerges between industry actors and civil rights groups. Industry argues that it is unclear why they are held to detailed human-rights compliance, especially on anti-discrimination, while other actors with comparable risk face
AI Act vs. reality: technical obstacles to compliance and the possible workarounds – Part I.
The EU’s AI Act promises a unified framework for trustworthy AI, yet day-to-day implementation is already colliding with overlapping rules, uneven obligations and missing standards. Interviews and recent analyses show the biggest friction points: a one-size-fits-all approach, transparency gaps for
Against Constitutional Supremacy
The idea of constitutional supremacy sounds attractive: a legalistic, non-partisan, essentially non-human document hovering above a state and guiding major institutions and constitutional actors towards desired outcomes. Who wouldn’t want that? That is…until you start digging into what actually occurs
Consent Without Comprehension: Rethinking Constitutional Autonomy in the Datafied Age
Rethinking Autonomy in the Age of Extraction In 1983, the German Federal Constitutional Court recognized a new constitutional right: informational self-determination. The decision—known as the Census Act Case (Volkszählungsurteil)—held that individuals must retain control over how their personal data is collected and
Not Neutral – Detecting Political Tilt in Large Language Models
Large Language Models are fast becoming the mediators between information sources and users, so their value signals matter. A recent peer-reviewed study in Nature’s Humanities and Social Sciences Communications finds a measurable rightward shift in models’ political placement across versions,
Prohibiting Crypto-Asset Service Providers under MiCA: Conditions, Proof, and Practical Challenges
Recent developments in the EU’s crypto regulation, particularly France’s alleged intention to block passported CASPs authorised in other Member States and transfer supervision to ESMA, raise key questions about the Markets in Crypto Assets Regulation’s (MiCA) enforcement scope—particularly whether host
The President Said What? EU Law, International Law and the Politics of Recognition at UNGA’s September Session
The September session of the General Assembly of the United Nations (22-30 September, UNGA) was even more anticipated by the press, politicians and the public in general as usual. Lawyers interested in international law were curious about how the session
From Text to Action: World Models in Practice (Part II.)
In practical applications and in the context of World Models (WMs), industrial robotics is usually mentioned first, and for good reasons. A robot that relies on a world model does not merely repeat a pre-programmed sequence of movements. It notices
